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  5. 如何基于Host来匹配路由

如何基于Host来匹配路由

3.4 版本
维护中的版本
4.2 master 2.8 LTS

你可以匹配传入请求（imcoming request）的HTTP host :

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mobile_homepage:
    path:     /
    host:     m.example.com
    defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage }

homepage:
    path:     /
    defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage }
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">
 
    <route id="mobile_homepage" path="/" host="m.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage</default>
    </route>
 
    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
 
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$collection->add('mobile_homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage',
), array(), array(), 'm.example.com'));
 
$collection->add('homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage',
)));
 
return $collection;

两个路由匹配相同的路径（path）/，但是第一个只在host主机是m.example.com时才算数。

使用占位符 

host选项用的是与path匹配系统相同的语法。这表明，你可以在hostname（主机名）中使用占位符。

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

    <route id="projects_homepage" path="/" host="{project_name}.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage</default>
    </route>

    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">
 
    <route id="projects_homepage" path="/" host="{project_name}.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage</default>
    </route>
 
    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
 
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$collection->add('project_homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage',
), array(), array(), '{project_name}.example.com'));
 
$collection->add('homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage',
)));
 
return $collection;

你还可以为这些占位符设置requirements（匹配条件）和defaults默认选项。例如，如果你要同时匹配m.example.com和mobile.example.com，可以使用下面代码：

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mobile_homepage:
    path:     /
    host:     "{subdomain}.example.com"
    defaults:
        _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage
        subdomain: m
    requirements:
        subdomain: m|mobile

homepage:
    path:     /
    defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage }
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">
 
    <route id="mobile_homepage" path="/" host="{subdomain}.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage</default>
        <default key="subdomain">m</default>
        <requirement key="subdomain">m|mobile</requirement>
    </route>
 
    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
 
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$collection->add('mobile_homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage',
    'subdomain'   => 'm',
), array(
    'subdomain' => 'm|mobile',
), array(), '{subdomain}.example.com'));
 
$collection->add('homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage',
)));
 
return $collection;

如果你不希望写死hostname的话，可以使用服务参数（service parameters）：

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mobile_homepage:
    path:     /
    host:     "m.{domain}"
    defaults:
        _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage
        domain: '%domain%'
    requirements:
        domain: '%domain%'

homepage:
    path:  /
    defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage }
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">
 
    <route id="mobile_homepage" path="/" host="m.{domain}">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage</default>
        <default key="domain">%domain%</default>
        <requirement key="domain">%domain%</requirement>
    </route>
 
    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
 
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$collection->add('mobile_homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:mobileHomepage',
    'domain' => '%domain%',
), array(
    'domain' => '%domain%',
), array(), 'm.{domain}'));
 
$collection->add('homepage', new Route('/', array(
    '_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage',
)));
 
return $collection;

你应确保对domain占位符设置一个默认选项，否则，每当你使用路由（名称）来生成一个URL时都需要附带这个domain的取值。

被导入路由的Host匹配 

你同样可以对导入的路由设置host选项：

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acme_hello:
    resource: '@AcmeHelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml'
    host:     "hello.example.com"
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">
 
    <import resource="@AcmeHelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.xml" host="hello.example.com" />
</routes>
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use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
 
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$collection->addCollection($loader->import("@AcmeHelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.php"), '', array(), array(), array(), 'hello.example.com');
 
return $collection;

hello.example.com主机名将在“每个路由从全新routing资源中加载进来”时被设置（到路由中）。

测试你的控制器 

如果你要在功能测试（functional tests）中取得（与路由）相匹配的past url（译注：past可能是指“刚才”被用来测试的url），你需要为request对象设置Host HTTP头。

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$crawler = $client->request(
    'GET',
    '/homepage',
    array(),
    array(),
    array('HTTP_HOST' => 'm.' . $client->getContainer()->getParameter('domain'))
);

本文，包括例程代码在内，采用的是 Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 创作共用授权。

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